Punjabi · Indian Cuisine
Ajwaini Machi Curry
Punjabi fish curry with carom seeds, besan-coated fried fish in a tomato-onion masala
Ajwain (carom seeds) brings a particular sharpness to this Punjabi fish curry, a flavour somewhere between thyme and oregano that cuts through the richness of mustard oil and balances the acidity of the tomato base. The fish is twice-seasoned with ajwain: first in the marinade alongside besan, lemon juice, and spices, and again in the tempering oil that begins the masala. The besan in the marinade creates a coating that crisps when fried and helps the fish hold together in the subsequent simmer.
Smoking the mustard oil before using it is a traditional technique that removes its raw pungency. It is the step that most differentiates this from a neutral-oil preparation.
At a Glance
Yield
Serves 4–6
Prep
20 minutes + 30 minutes marinating
Cook
35 minutes
Total
1 hour 25 minutes
Difficulty
Medium
Ingredients
- 7 cupfirm fish (bhetki, tilapia, or any firm white fish), cut into 4 cm pieces
- 1 tbspginger paste
- 2 tspgarlic paste
- 2½ tbspKashmiri chilli powder
- 1⅞ tspturmeric
- 1¼ tbspajwain (carom seeds)
- 1⅛ cupbesan (gram flour)
- 1¾ fl ozlemon juice
- —Salt to taste
- ¾ cupmustard oil
- 1¼ tbspajwain (carom seeds)
- ¾ lbonions (about 2 onions), finely chopped
- 3¼ tbspginger, finely chopped
- 1¾ tbspgarlic, finely chopped
- 1¾ tbspgreen chillies, finely chopped
- 7 oztomatoes (about 1½–2 tomatoes), finely chopped
- —Salt to taste
Method
- 1
Marinate the fish. Combine all marinade ingredients with the fish. Toss to coat thoroughly. Leave for 30 minutes.
- 2
Smoke the mustard oil (200 ml). Heat the mustard oil in a wide pan until it begins to smoke. Remove from heat and let cool for 2 minutes. This removes the raw pungency.
- 3
Deep-fry the fish. Return the oil to high heat. Deep-fry the besan-coated fish pieces until golden and crisp, about 4–5 minutes. Drain on kitchen paper. Set aside.
- 4
Make the curry. In 3 tablespoons of the same oil, add the ajwain (10 g) seeds. Stir for 30 seconds. Add the chopped onions (300 g) and fry over medium heat to golden brown, about 12 minutes. Add ginger (15 g), garlic (10 g), and green chillies (10 g). Stir for 2 minutes. Add Kashmiri chilli powder (15 g) and salt dissolved in a little water. Add chopped tomatoes (200 g) and cook until oil surfaces, about 8 minutes.
- 5
Add fish and simmer. Add the fried fish pieces to the masala. Pour in enough hot water to cover (about 300 ml). Bring to a boil, then simmer for 15–20 minutes until the gravy is thick and the fish has absorbed the masala. Adjust seasoning.
- 6
Serve with rice or chapatti.
Key Ingredient Benefits
Ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi, carom or bishop's weed) contains thymol, the same volatile compound responsible for thyme's character, but in higher concentration. It has a sharp, almost medicinal warmth. In Ayurvedic tradition, ajwain is strongly associated with digestive support. It's the classic addition to fried foods precisely because it's thought to counteract the heaviness of frying. That combination of sharpness and digestive purpose is exactly why it belongs in this recipe, not just once but twice.
Storage & Reheating
Curry keeps refrigerated for 2 days. Reheat gently; the fish will continue to soften.
Nutrition Facts
Calories: 679kcal (34%)|Total Carbohydrates: 33g (12%)|Protein: 51g (102%)|Total Fat: 40g (51%)|Saturated Fat: 5.2g (26%)|Cholesterol: 103mg (34%)|Sodium: 513mg (22%)|Dietary Fiber: 7.6g (27%)|Total Sugars: 8.1g
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